术语 | central processing unit(CPU) |
释义 | central processing unit(CPU) 中央处理机[部件,器,单元];[中央处理单位] The primary functioning unit of any computer system. Its basic architecture cons ists of storage elements called registers, computational circuits designated as the arithmetic logical unit (ALU), the control block, and input/output (I/O) p orts. The CPU is the most complex part of the microcomputer. It fetches the control instructions stored in memory and then decodes, interprets and carries t hem out. The CPU handles the temporary storage and retrieval of data while regulating the exchange of information with the outside world through the microc omputer's input and output ports. Moreover, it synchronizes the operation of the various components. A microprocessor built with large-scale integration (LSI) technology often contains a CPU on a single chip. Because such a chip has limited storage space,memory implementation is added in modular fashion on associated chips. Some micr oprocessors consist of several CPU chips with other chips for memory and I/O. 任何计算机系统都有的基本功能部件,其基本结构由寄存器、算术逻辑运算单元(ALU)、控制部件和输入输出口组成。 CPU是微型计算机中最复杂的部分。它从存储器取出控制指令,然后译码、解释、执行。在通过微型计 算机的输入输出口和外部世界交换信息时,CPU管理信息的暂时存储和检索,还要使各有关部件同步运行。 用大规模集成(LSI)技术制造的微处理器在单块晶片上通常含有一个CPU。由于晶片限制了存储空间,需另配存储器模块。也有些微处理器由数片CPU芯片、存储器芯片和输入输出芯片组 成。 |
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