SQL查询表字段信息详细图文教程


    目录
  • 一、MySQL
    • （一）查询所有表名
    • （二）查询表下所有字段
  • 二、Oracle
    • （一）查询表下所有字段
    • （二）查询库下表字段信息
    • （三）查询用户下表的外建等信息
    • （四）oracle查询用户下表外建信息
  • 三、Sql Server
  • 总结 

    一、MySQL
    （一）查询所有表名
    查询指定数据库下表名
    
select table_name,table_comment from information_schema.tables where table_schema='grandly_forum_db'

    
    （二）查询表下所有字段
    查询指定数据库下表的字段信息
    
select 
a.table_schema,
a.table_name,
b.table_comment 表说明,
a.COLUMN_NAME 字段名,
a.column_comment 字段说明,
a.column_type 字段类型,
a.column_key 约束 from  information_schema.columns a
join information_schema.TABLES b on a.table_name = b.TABLE_NAME
where a.table_schema = '数据库名'
and a.table_name = '表名';

    
    二、Oracle
    （一）查询表下所有字段
    
SELECT
DISTINCT
c.owner 用户,
c.table_name 英文表名 ,
t.comments 中文表名称,
cc.column_name 字段名,
cc.comments 字段注释 ,
c.data_type || '(' || c.data_length || ')' 字段类型及长度
from
dba_tab_columns c
join dba_col_comments cc on c.table_name = cc.table_name
and c.column_name = cc.column_name
join dba_tab_comments t on c.table_name = t.table_name
where 
c.owner = 'YZZX'
-- AND t.comments like '%船舶信息%'
AND c.table_name =  'SHX_SHIPCERT'
order BY
cc.column_name

    
    （二）查询库下表字段信息
    
with t1 as(
SELECT
 t.OWNER owner_name,
 t.table_name,
 t.column_name,
 f.comments,
 t.data_type,
 t.data_length
FROM all_tab_columns t 
JOIN all_col_comments f ON t.table_name = f.table_name AND t.column_name = f.column_name
ORDER BY 
t.table_name,
t.column_name
),
t2 as (
select col.column_name pk,col.table_name
from user_constraints con,user_cons_columns col
where
con.constraint_name=col.constraint_name and con.constraint_type='P'
)

select 
distinct 
t1.owner_name 用户名,
t1.table_name 表名,
t2.pk 主键,
t1.column_name 字段名,
t1.comments 字段注释,
t1.data_type 数据类型,
t1.data_length 长度
from t1
join t2 on t1.table_name = t2.table_name
where t1.owner_name = 'ZHZFHZK' and t1.comments is not null
order by t1.table_name,column_name

    
    （三）查询用户下表的外建等信息
    
 select distinct 
 c.owner 用户名,
 CONSTRAINT_TYPE 键类型,
 c.TABLE_NAME 子表名,
 c.CONSTRAINT_NAME 子表键名称,
 d.TABLE_NAME 父表名称,
 c.R_CONSTRAINT_NAME 父表键名称,
 d.COLUMN_NAME 字段名称
 from all_constraints c 
  join all_cons_columns d on c.constraint_type = 'R' and c.R_CONSTRAINT_NAME = d.CONSTRAINT_NAME
 where c.owner = 'SCOTT' ;

    
    （四）oracle查询用户下表外建信息
    
SELECT
    t1.table_name AS table_name,
    t2.table_name AS f_table_name,
    t1.column_name,
    t2.column_name as f_column_name
FROM
    all_constraints cons
    JOIN all_cons_columns col1 ON cons.owner = col1.owner AND cons.constraint_name = col1.constraint_name
    JOIN all_tab_columns t1 ON cons.owner = t1.owner AND col1.table_name = t1.table_name AND col1.column_name = t1.column_name
    JOIN all_cons_columns col2 ON cons.owner = col2.owner AND cons.r_owner = col2.owner AND cons.r_constraint_name = col2.constraint_name
    JOIN all_tab_columns t2 ON cons.r_owner = t2.owner AND col2.table_name = t2.table_name AND col2.column_name = t2.column_name
WHERE
   cons.constraint_type = 'R' AND t1.owner = 'WANGLIN'
ORDER BY t1.table_name;

    
    三、Sql Server
    查询数据库(Databases)名称: 
    
SELECT name FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases WHERE status <> 512

    查询数据表(Tables)名称:
    
SELECT name FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(id,N'IsUserTable') = 1 AND name <> 'dtproperties'

    查询带Schema 的数据表(Tables)名称:
    
SELECT b.name + '.' + a.name AS name FROM sysobjects a INNER JOIN sys.schemas b ON a.uid=b.schema_id WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(id,N'IsUserTable') = 1 AND a.name <> 'dtproperties'

    查询数据表(Tables)中的字段(Columns)名称:
    
SELECT * FROM dbo.syscolumns WHERE id=OBJECT_ID(N'[Production].[Product]') ORDER BY colid

    或者
    
Select name from syscolumns Where ID=OBJECT_ID('tName')

    总结 
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