| 术语 | createwindowex |
| 释义 | CreateWindowEx 语法： HWND CreateWindowEx( DWORD dwExStyle, LPCTSTR lpClassName, LPCTSTR lpWindowName, DWORD dwStyle, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, HWND hWndParent, HMENU hMenu, HINSTANCE hInstance, LPVOID lpParam ); CreateWindowEx函数 在CreateWindowEx函数创建一个重叠，弹出，或子窗口，延长窗口风格，否则，这个功能是相同的CreateWindow函数。有关创建的窗口和对CreateWindowEx的其他参数的完整说明，请参阅CreateWindow。 参数 dwExStyle [in]指定窗口的扩展窗口风格被创造出来。此参数可以是一个或多个下列值。 WS_EX_ACCEPTFILES 指定此样式创建一个窗口接受拖放文件。 WS_EX_APPWINDOW 部队一顶到任务栏时，窗口可见的顶层窗口。 WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE 指定一个窗口有一个凹陷的边缘边界。 WS_EX_COMPOSITED Windows XP: Paints all descendants of a window in bottom-to-top painting order using double-buffering.有关更多信息，请参见备注。这不能用如果窗口有一方CS_OWNDC或CS_CLASSDC类样式。 WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP 包括在窗口的标题栏是一个问号。当用户点击问号，光标更改为一个问号的指针。如果用户然后点击一个子窗口，孩子收到WM_HELP消息。子窗口应该将讯息传达到父窗口的程序，应该调用WinHelp的函数使用HELP_WM_HELP命令。帮助应用程序显示一个弹出窗口通常包含子窗口的帮助。 WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP不能用于与WS_MAXIMIZEBOX或WS_MINIMIZEBOX风格。 WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT 窗口本身包含子窗口，应该在对话框中航行的一部分。如果此样式指定，在本窗口的儿童对话框管理递归时的表演，如处理TAB键，方向键，或键盘记忆导航业务。 WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME 创建一个窗口，有一个双边框，窗口可以选择，可以按指定的dwStyle参数WS_CAPTION风格的标题栏上创建的。 WS_EX_LAYERED 视窗2000/XP的：创建一个分层的窗口。请注意，这不能用于子窗口使用。另外，这不能使用如果窗口有一方CS_OWNDC或CS_CLASSDC类样式。 WS_EX_LAYOUTRTL 阿拉伯文和Windows 98/Me中，希伯来语版本的Windows 2000/XP的：创建一个窗口，其Level起源于右边缘。提前Level增加值左边。 WS_EX_LEFT 创建一个窗口，有通用的左对齐属性。这是默认的。 WS_EX_LEFTSCROLLBAR 如果shell语言是希伯来语，阿拉伯语，或者支持其他语言的阅读顺序对齐，垂直滚动条(如果存在)是客户端区域的左边。对于其他语言，风格被忽略。 WS_EX_LTRREADING 该窗口中的文本显示使用左到右的阅读顺序属性。这是默认的。 WS_EX_MDICHILD 创建一个多文档界面(MDI)子窗口。 WS_EX_NOACTIVATE 视窗2000/XP的：一个顶层窗口创建的这一风格不会成为前台窗口当用户点击。该系统并没有将这一窗口在前台当用户最小化或关闭前台窗口。 要激活的窗口中，使用SetActiveWindow或SetForegroundWindow函数。 窗口不会出现在默认情况下任务栏。要强制窗口显示在任务栏上，使用WS_EX_APPWINDOW风格。 WS_EX_NOINHERITLAYOUT 的Windows 2000/XP的：这种风格在没有通过它的窗口布局，其子窗口的窗口。 WS_EX_NOPARENTNOTIFY 指定一个子窗口创建的这个风格不发送WM_PARENTNOTIFY消息到它的父窗口创建时或销毁。 WS_EX_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW Combines the WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE and WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE styles. WS_EX_PALETTEWINDOW 结合WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE，WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW和WS_EX_TOPMOST风格。 WS_EX_RIGHT 窗口有通用的“右对齐”的属性。这取决于窗口类。这种风格的效果只有在外壳语言是希伯来语，阿拉伯语，或另一种语言的支持读取顺序调整，否则，风格被忽略。 使用静态或编辑控制WS_EX_RIGHT风格与使用SS_RIGHT或ES_RIGHT风格，分别具有相同的效果。按钮控件使用这种风格的作用和使用BS_RIGHT和BS_RIGHTBUTTON风格相同的效果。 WS_EX_RIGHTSCROLLBAR 垂直滚动条(如果存在)是客户端领域的权利。这是默认的。 WS_EX_RTLREADING 如果shell语言是希伯来语，阿拉伯语，或另一种语言的支持读取顺序调整，窗口文本显示使用从右到左的阅读顺序属性。对于其他语言，风格被忽略。 WS_EX_STATICEDGE 创建一个具有三维边框样式窗口打算将用于项目不接受用户输入。 WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW 创建一个工具窗口，也就是说，一个窗口拟作为浮动工具栏使用。这种工具窗口有一个标题栏是比正常的短标题栏和窗口的标题是作出一个较小的字体。一个工具窗口不会出现在任务栏或在出现的对话框中当用户按下ALT + TAB键。如果一个工具窗口有一个系统菜单，它的图标是不会显示在标题栏。但是，您可以通过右击显示，在系统菜单或通过键入ALT +空格。 WS_EX_TOPMOST 指定此样式创建一个窗口的设置应高于所有非顶层窗口和应该留在他们上面，即使在窗口被停用。要添加或删除此样式，使用SetWindowPos函数。 WS_EX_TRANSPARENT 指定此样式创建一个窗口，不应该画下的窗口，直到兄弟(即由同一线程创建)已经画。透明的窗口，因为基本兄弟窗口的位已经画。 为了实现这些限制没有透明度，使用SetWindowRgn函数。 WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE 指定一个窗口有一个凸起边缘的边界。 lpClassName [in]指向一个空结束的字符串或类原子因先前调用RegisterClass的或RegisterClassEx函数创建。原子必须在低lpClassName命令字;的高位字必须为零。如果lpClassName是一个字符串，它指定窗口的类名。类名可以用注册窗口或RegisterClassEx注册的任何名称，只要注册的模块类模块也是创建的窗口。类名也可以是预定义的系统类名的。 lpWindowName [in]指向一个空结束的字符串，指定窗口的名称。如果窗口样式指定一个标题栏，窗口标题指向lpWindowName是在标题栏中显示。当使用CreateWindow创建如按钮，复选框控制和静态控制，使用lpWindowName来指定控件的文本。当创建一个与SS_ICON式静态控制，使用lpWindowName来指定图标的名称或标识。要指定一个标识符，使用语法“＃数量”。 dwStyle [in]指定的窗口样式被创造出来。此参数可以是一个窗口样式的组合，再加上控制风格在备注一节所述。 x [in]指定窗口的初始Level位置。对于重叠或弹出窗口，x参数是初始x坐标窗口的左上角，在屏幕坐标。对于一个子窗口，x是x坐标窗口左上角相对于左上角的父窗口的客户区角落。如果x是设置为0,0,600,400，该系统选择的窗口的左上角的默认位置，而忽略y参数。 CW_USEDEFAULT只适用重叠的窗口，如果它是一个弹出窗口或子窗口，x和y参数被设置为零指定。 y [in]指定的初始窗口的垂直位置。对于重叠或弹出式窗口，y参数是初始y坐标窗口的左上角，在屏幕坐标。对于一个子窗口，y是最初的y坐标的子窗口左上角相对于左上角的父窗口的客户区角落。对于一个列表框y是初始y坐标的列表框的客户区左上角相对于左上角的父窗口的客户区角落。 如果重叠窗口与WS_VISIBLE风格位设置和x参数创建的设置为0,0,600,400，那么y参数确定如何窗口显示。如果y参数是0,0,600,400，然后窗口管理要求与SW_SHOW标志ShowWindow窗口后，已创建。如果y参数是一些其他的价值，那么窗口管理器调用，作为nCmdShow参数值ShowWindow。 nWidth [in]指定的宽度，以设备单位，窗口。对于重叠的窗口，nWidth是窗口的宽度，在屏幕坐标，或CW_USEDEFAULT。如果nWidth是0,0,600,400，系统将选择一个默认的窗口宽度和高度，默认宽度从最初的X坐标在屏幕的右边缘扩展，默认高度范围从最初的y坐标到顶部图标区。 CW_USEDEFAULT只适用重叠的窗口，如果CW_USEDEFAULT是一个弹出窗口或子窗口的nWidth和nHeight参数指定被设置为零。 nHeight [in]指定的高度，以设备单位，窗口。对于重叠的窗口，nHeight是窗口的高度，在屏幕上的坐标。如果nWidth参数设置为0,0,600,400，系统忽略nHeight。 hWndParent [in]句柄父母或所有者窗口的窗口被创建。要创建一个子窗口或拥有的窗口，提供有效的窗口句柄。此参数是可选的弹出窗口。 视窗2000/XP的：要创建一个消息的唯一窗口，供应HWND_MESSAGE或处理现有的消息，唯一窗口。 hMenu [in]一个菜单句柄，或指定一个子窗口标识，根据窗口样式。对于重叠或弹出式窗口，hMenu菜单标识一起使用的窗口，它可以是NULL如果类菜单使用。对于一个子窗口，hMenu指定子窗口的标识符，一个整数值由一个对话框控件使用有关事件通知其父母。应用程序确定子窗口的标识符，它必须是相同的父窗口的所有子窗口独特。 hInstance [in]句柄的模块实例相关联的窗口。 lpParam [in]指针的值是通过在CREATESTRUCT结构(lpCreateParams成员)到窗口指出由WM_CREATE消息lparam的帕拉姆的。此邮件发送此函数创建的窗口，然后返回。 如果一个应用程序调用CreateWindow创建一个MDI客户窗口，lpParam应指向CLIENTCREATESTRUCT结构。如果客户端窗口的MDI调用CreateWindow创建一个MDI子窗口，lpParam应指向MDICREATESTRUCT结构。 lpParam可能为NULL，如果没有更多的数据是必要的。 返回值 如果函数成功，返回值是一个句柄到新的窗口。 如果函数失败，返回值为NULL。为了获得更多错误信息，调用GetLastError。 此功能通常无法为以下几个原因： 无效的参数值 系统类是登记由不同的模块 该WH_CBT钩子安装并返回一个失败代码 如果在对话框模板的控件之一是未注册，或其窗口的窗口过程失败WM_CREATE或WM_NCCREATE 备注 在CreateWindowEx函数发送WM_NCCREATE，WM_NCCALCSIZE，并窗口WM_CREATE消息被创造出来。 如果创建的窗口是一个子窗口，它的默认位置是在底部的Z顺序。如果创建的窗口是顶级窗口，它的默认位置是为了在最高的Z -(但除非下所有创建的窗口本身是最顶层)最顶层窗口。 有关控制任务栏是否显示为创建的窗口按钮的信息，请参阅管理任务栏按钮。 有关删除一个窗口信息，请参阅DestroyWindow功能。 下列预定义的控制类可以在lpClassName参数中指定。请注意相应的控制样式，您可以使用在dwStyle参数。 ClassMeaning BUTTONDesignates一个小矩形子窗口，代表一个按钮，用户可以点击，就可以开启或关闭。按钮控件可以单独使用或集体，他们可以是文字标记或不出现。改变按钮控件的外观通常当用户点击。有关更多信息，请参阅按钮。 有关的按钮样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，见按钮样式。 COMBOBOXDesignates控制包括一个列表框和一个选择字段类似于编辑控制。当使用这种风格，应用程序应该可以在任何时候都显示在列表框或启用下拉列表框。如果列表框是可见的，输入字符的选择重点领域第一个列表框中的条目相匹配的字符输入。相反，选择列表框中的一个项目显示，在选择领域选定的文本。有关更多信息，请参阅组合框。 对于一个组合框的样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，见组合框样式。 EDITDesignates矩形到用户可以从键盘输入文字的子窗口。用户选择的控制和给它通过单击或移动按TAB键给它的键盘焦点。用户可以输入文本时，编辑控件显示一个闪烁的插入，使用鼠标移动光标，选择被替换的字符，或位置的光标插入字符，或使用键删除字符。有关更多信息，请参阅编辑控件。 如需编辑控件的样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，请参阅编辑控制样式。 LISTBOXDesignates一字符串列表。此控制指定的应用程序时，必须提交一份名单，如文件名，从中用户可以选择。用户可以选择通过单击字符串。阿所选字符串突出，并通知消息传递给父窗口。有关更多信息，请参见列表框。 对于一个列表框的样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，见列表框样式。 MDICLIENTDesignates的MDI客户窗口。此窗口接收邮件控制MDI应用程序的子窗口。建议的样式位WS_CLIPCHILDREN和WS_CHILD。指定WS_HSCROLL和WS_VSCROLL风格的MDI制造客户端窗口，允许用户滚动到MDI子窗口。有关更多信息，请参阅多文档界面。 RichEditDesignates微软丰富编辑1.0控制。此窗口允许用户浏览和编辑的字符和段落格式文本，并且可以包括嵌入的组件对象模型(COM)对象。有关更多信息，请参阅丰富编辑控件。 对于丰富编辑控件的样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，见Rich Edit控件样式。 RICHEDIT_CLASSDesignates丰盛的编辑2.0控制。这种控制让用户浏览和编辑的字符和段落格式文本，并且可以包括嵌入的COM对象。有关更多信息，请参阅丰富编辑控件。 对于丰富编辑控件的样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，见Rich Edit控件样式。 SCROLLBARDesignates一个矩形，其中包含一个滚动框，并在两端的方向箭头。滚动条通知消息发送到它的父窗口每当用户点击控制。父窗口负责更新滚动框的位置，如有必要。有关更多信息，请滚动条。 对于一个滚动条控件的样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，看到滚动条控件样式。 STATICDesignates一个简单的文本字段，框或矩形用于标签，盒，或单独的其他控件。静态控制采取任何输入，并提供任何输出。有关更多信息，请参见静态控制。 对于一个静态控制样式，您可以指定在dwStyle参数表，请参见静态控制样式。 Windows 95/98/Me中：该系统可以支持最多16364窗口句柄。 视窗2000/XP的：为防止dwExStyle WS_EX_NOACTIVATE值由系统前台激活。为了防止插队激活窗口时，用户点击，您必须处理WM_MOUSEACTIVATE消息正确。为使窗口的前景或激活它编程，使用SetForegroundWindow或SetActiveWindow。 Returning FALSE to WM_NCACTIVATE prevents the window from losing queue activation.然而，返回值是被忽略的启动时间。 Windows XP中：WS_EX_COMPOSITED集，一个窗口的所有后代得到自下而上的顶端画为了使用双缓冲。自下而上的顶端画秩序允许的后代有半透明窗口(α)和透明度(色键)的影响，但只有在后代的窗口也有WS_EX_TRANSPARENT位设置。双缓冲允许的窗口及其后代，以油漆不闪烁。 在Windows 95/98/Me：CreateWindowExW是支持的Unicode(MSLU)微软层。要使用此，您必须将某些文件到您的应用，概述了对Unicode的Microsoft层在Windows 95/98/Me系统。 功能信息 最低DLL版本 user32.dll 在Winuser.h中HeaderDeclared，头文件：winuser.h import libraryUser32.lib 最低操作系统Windows 95，Windows NT 3.1 UnicodeImplemented为ANSI和Unicode版本。 参见 视窗概述，CLIENTCREATESTRUCT，CREATESTRUCT，CreateWindow，DestroyWindow，EnableWindow，注册窗口，RegisterClassEx，SetActiveWindow，SetForegroundWindow，SetWindowLong函数，SetWindowPos，ShowWindow，WM_CREATE，WM_NCCALCSIZE，WM_NCCREATE，WM_PAINT消息，WM_PARENTNOTIFY，多文档接口概述 ＝＝英文原文＝＝CreateWindowEx Function The CreateWindowEx function creates an overlapped, pop-up, or child window with an extended window style; otherwise, this function is identical to the CreateWindow function. For more information about creating a window and for full descriptions of the other parameters of CreateWindowEx, see CreateWindow. Syntax HWND CreateWindowEx( DWORD dwExStyle, LPCTSTR lpClassName, LPCTSTR lpWindowName, DWORD dwStyle, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, HWND hWndParent, HMENU hMenu, HINSTANCE hInstance, LPVOID lpParam ); Parameters dwExStyle [in] Specifies the extended window style of the window being created. This parameter can be one or more of the following values. WS_EX_ACCEPTFILES Specifies that a window created with this style accepts drag-drop files. WS_EX_APPWINDOW Forces a top-level window onto the taskbar when the window is visible. WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE Specifies that a window has a border with a sunken edge. WS_EX_COMPOSITED Windows XP: Paints all descendants of a window in bottom-to-top painting order using double-buffering. For more information, see Remarks. This cannot be used if the window has a class style of either CS_OWNDC or CS_CLASSDC. WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP Includes a question mark in the title bar of the window. When the user clicks the question mark, the cursor changes to a question mark with a pointer. If the user then clicks a child window, the child receives a WM_HELP message. The child window should pass the message to the parent window procedure, which should call the WinHelp function using the HELP_WM_HELP command. The Help application displays a pop-up window that typically contains help for the child window. WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP cannot be used with the WS_MAXIMIZEBOX or WS_MINIMIZEBOX styles. WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT The window itself contains child windows that should take part in dialog box navigation. If this style is specified, the dialog manager recurses into children of this window when performing navigation operations such as handling the TAB key, an arrow key, or a keyboard mnemonic. WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME Creates a window that has a double border; the window can, optionally, be created with a title bar by specifying the WS_CAPTION style in the dwStyle parameter. WS_EX_LAYERED Windows 2000/XP: Creates a layered window . Note that this cannot be used for child windows. Also, this cannot be used if the window has a class style of either CS_OWNDC or CS_CLASSDC. WS_EX_LAYOUTRTL Arabic and Hebrew versions of Windows 98/Me, Windows 2000/XP: Creates a window whose horizontal origin is on the right edge. Increasing horizontal values advance to the left. WS_EX_LEFT Creates a window that has generic left-aligned properties. This is the default. WS_EX_LEFTSCROLLBAR If the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading order alignment, the vertical scroll bar (if present) is to the left of the client area. For other languages, the style is ignored. WS_EX_LTRREADING The window text is displayed using left-to-right reading-order properties. This is the default. WS_EX_MDICHILD Creates a multiple-document interface (MDI) child window. WS_EX_NOACTIVATE Windows 2000/XP: A top-level window created with this style does not become the foreground window when the user clicks it. The system does not bring this window to the foreground when the user minimizes or closes the foreground window. To activate the window, use the SetActiveWindow or SetForegroundWindow function. The window does not appear on the taskbar by default. To force the window to appear on the taskbar, use the WS_EX_APPWINDOW style. WS_EX_NOINHERITLAYOUT Windows 2000/XP: A window created with this style does not pass its window layout to its child windows. WS_EX_NOPARENTNOTIFY Specifies that a child window created with this style does not send the WM_PARENTNOTIFY message to its parent window when it is created or destroyed. WS_EX_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW Combines the WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE and WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE styles. WS_EX_PALETTEWINDOW Combines the WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW, and WS_EX_TOPMOST styles. WS_EX_RIGHT The window has generic "right-aligned" properties. This depends on the window class. This style has an effect only if the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading-order alignment; otherwise, the style is ignored. Using the WS_EX_RIGHT style for static or edit controls has the same effect as using the SS_RIGHT or ES_RIGHT style, respectively. Using this style with button controls has the same effect as using BS_RIGHT and BS_RIGHTBUTTON styles. WS_EX_RIGHTSCROLLBAR Vertical scroll bar (if present) is to the right of the client area. This is the default. WS_EX_RTLREADING If the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading-order alignment, the window text is displayed using right-to-left reading-order properties. For other languages, the style is ignored. WS_EX_STATICEDGE Creates a window with a three-dimensional border style intended to be used for items that do not accept user input. WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW Creates a tool window; that is, a window intended to be used as a floating toolbar. A tool window has a title bar that is shorter than a normal title bar, and the window title is drawn using a smaller font. A tool window does not appear in the taskbar or in the dialog that appears when the user presses ALT+TAB. If a tool window has a system menu, its icon is not displayed on the title bar. However, you can display the system menu by right-clicking or by typing ALT+SPACE. WS_EX_TOPMOST Specifies that a window created with this style should be placed above all non-topmost windows and should stay above them, even when the window is deactivated. To add or remove this style, use the SetWindowPos function. WS_EX_TRANSPARENT Specifies that a window created with this style should not be painted until siblings beneath the window (that were created by the same thread) have been painted. The window appears transparent because the bits of underlying sibling windows have already been painted. To achieve transparency without these restrictions, use the SetWindowRgn function. WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE Specifies that a window has a border with a raised edge. lpClassName [in] Pointer to a null-terminated string or a class atom created by a previous call to the RegisterClass or RegisterClassEx function. The atom must be in the low-order word of lpClassName; the high-order word must be zero. If lpClassName is a string, it specifies the window class name. The class name can be any name registered with RegisterClass or RegisterClassEx, provided that the module that registers the class is also the module that creates the window. The class name can also be any of the predefined system class names. lpWindowName [in] Pointer to a null-terminated string that specifies the window name. If the window style specifies a title bar, the window title pointed to by lpWindowName is displayed in the title bar. When using CreateWindow to create controls, such as buttons, check boxes, and static controls, use lpWindowName to specify the text of the control. When creating a static control with the SS_ICON style, use lpWindowName to specify the icon name or identifier. To specify an identifier, use the syntax "#num". dwStyle [in] Specifies the style of the window being created. This parameter can be a combination of window styles , plus the control styles indicated in the Remarks section. x [in] Specifies the initial horizontal position of the window. For an overlapped or pop-up window, the x parameter is the initial x-coordinate of the window's upper-left corner, in screen coordinates. For a child window, x is the x-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the window relative to the upper-left corner of the parent window's client area. If x is set to CW_USEDEFAULT, the system selects the default position for the window's upper-left corner and ignores the y parameter. CW_USEDEFAULT is valid only for overlapped windows; if it is specified for a pop-up or child window, the x and y parameters are set to zero. y [in] Specifies the initial vertical position of the window. For an overlapped or pop-up window, the y parameter is the initial y-coordinate of the window's upper-left corner, in screen coordinates. For a child window, y is the initial y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the child window relative to the upper-left corner of the parent window's client area. For a list box y is the initial y-coordinate of the upper-left corner of the list box's client area relative to the upper-left corner of the parent window's client area. If an overlapped window is created with the WS_VISIBLE style bit set and the x parameter is set to CW_USEDEFAULT, then the y parameter determines how the window is shown. If the y parameter is CW_USEDEFAULT, then the window manager calls ShowWindow with the SW_SHOW flag after the window has been created. If the y parameter is some other value, then the window manager calls ShowWindow with that value as the nCmdShow parameter. nWidth [in] Specifies the width, in device units, of the window. For overlapped windows, nWidth is the window's width, in screen coordinates, or CW_USEDEFAULT. If nWidth is CW_USEDEFAULT, the system selects a default width and height for the window; the default width extends from the initial x-coordinates to the right edge of the screen; the default height extends from the initial y-coordinate to the top of the icon area. CW_USEDEFAULT is valid only for overlapped windows; if CW_USEDEFAULT is specified for a pop-up or child window, the nWidth and nHeight parameter are set to zero. nHeight [in] Specifies the height, in device units, of the window. For overlapped windows, nHeight is the window's height, in screen coordinates. If the nWidth parameter is set to CW_USEDEFAULT, the system ignores nHeight. hWndParent [in] Handle to the parent or owner window of the window being created. To create a child window or an owned window, supply a valid window handle. This parameter is optional for pop-up windows. Windows 2000/XP: To create a message-only window , supply HWND_MESSAGE or a handle to an existing message-only window. hMenu [in] Handle to a menu, or specifies a child-window identifier, depending on the window style. For an overlapped or pop-up window, hMenu identifies the menu to be used with the window; it can be NULL if the class menu is to be used. For a child window, hMenu specifies the child-window identifier, an integer value used by a dialog box control to notify its parent about events. The application determines the child-window identifier; it must be unique for all child windows with the same parent window. hInstance [in] Handle to the instance of the module to be associated with the window. lpParam [in] Pointer to a value to be passed to the window through the CREATESTRUCT structure (lpCreateParams member) pointed to by the lParam param of the WM_CREATE message. This message is sent to the created window by this function before it returns. If an application calls CreateWindow to create a MDI client window, lpParam should point to a CLIENTCREATESTRUCT structure. If an MDI client window calls CreateWindow to create an MDI child window, lpParam should point to a MDICREATESTRUCT structure. lpParam may be NULL if no additional data is needed. Return Value If the function succeeds, the return value is a handle to the new window. If the function fails, the return value is NULL. To get extended error information, call GetLastError . This function typically fails for one of the following reasons: an invalid parameter value the system class was registered by a different module The WH_CBT hook is installed and returns a failure code if one of the controls in the dialog template is not registered, or its window window procedure fails WM_CREATE or WM_NCCREATE Remarks The CreateWindowEx function sends WM_NCCREATE , WM_NCCALCSIZE , and WM_CREATE messages to the window being created. If the created window is a child window, its default position is at the bottom of the Z-order. If the created window is a top-level window, its default position is at the top of the Z-order (but beneath all topmost windows unless the created window is itself topmost). For information on controlling whether the Taskbar displays a button for the created window, see Managing Taskbar Buttons . For information on removing a window, see the DestroyWindow function. The following predefined control classes can be specified in the lpClassName parameter. Note the corresponding control styles you can use in the dwStyle parameter. ClassMeaning BUTTONDesignates a small rectangular child window that represents a button the user can click to turn it on or off. Button controls can be used alone or in groups, and they can either be labeled or appear without text. Button controls typically change appearance when the user clicks them. For more information, see Buttons . For a table of the button styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Button Styles . COMBOBOXDesignates a control consisting of a list box and a selection field similar to an edit control. When using this style, an application should either display the list box at all times or enable a drop-down list box. If the list box is visible, typing characters into the selection field highlights the first list box entry that matches the characters typed. Conversely, selecting an item in the list box displays the selected text in the selection field. For more information, see Combo Boxes . For a table of the combo box styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Combo Box Styles . EDITDesignates a rectangular child window into which the user can type text from the keyboard. The user selects the control and gives it the keyboard focus by clicking it or moving to it by pressing the TAB key. The user can type text when the edit control displays a flashing caret; use the mouse to move the cursor, select characters to be replaced, or position the cursor for inserting characters; or use the key to delete characters. For more information, see Edit Controls . For a table of the edit control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Edit Control Styles . LISTBOXDesignates a list of character strings. Specify this control whenever an application must present a list of names, such as filenames, from which the user can choose. The user can select a string by clicking it. A selected string is highlighted, and a notification message is passed to the parent window. For more information, see List Boxes . For a table of the list box styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see List Box Styles . MDICLIENTDesignates an MDI client window. This window receives messages that control the MDI application's child windows. The recommended style bits are WS_CLIPCHILDREN and WS_CHILD. Specify the WS_HSCROLL and WS_VSCROLL styles to create an MDI client window that allows the user to scroll MDI child windows into view. For more information, see Multiple Document Interface . RichEditDesignates a Microsoft Rich Edit 1.0 control. This window lets the user view and edit text with character and paragraph formatting, and can include embedded Component Object Model (COM) objects. For more information, see Rich Edit Controls . For a table of the rich edit control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Rich Edit Control Styles . RICHEDIT_CLASSDesignates a Rich Edit 2.0 control. This controls let the user view and edit text with character and paragraph formatting, and can include embedded COM objects. For more information, see Rich Edit Controls. For a table of the rich edit control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Rich Edit Control Styles. SCROLLBARDesignates a rectangle that contains a scroll box and has direction arrows at both ends. The scroll bar sends a notification message to its parent window whenever the user clicks the control. The parent window is responsible for updating the position of the scroll box, if necessary. For more information, see Scroll Bars . For a table of the scroll bar control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Scroll Bar Control Styles . STATICDesignates a simple text field, box, or rectangle used to label, box, or separate other controls. Static controls take no input and provide no output. For more information, see Static Controls . For a table of the static control styles you can specify in the dwStyle parameter, see Static Control Styles . Windows 95/98/Me: The system can support a maximum of 16,364 window handles. Windows 2000/XP: The WS_EX_NOACTIVATE value for dwExStyle prevents foreground activation by the system. To prevent queue activation when the user clicks on the window, you must process the WM_MOUSEACTIVATE message appropriately. To bring the window to the foreground or to activate it programmatically, use SetForegroundWindow or SetActiveWindow. Returning FALSE to WM_NCACTIVATE prevents the window from losing queue activation. However, the return value is ignored at activation time. Windows XP: With WS_EX_COMPOSITED set, all descendants of a window get bottom-to-top painting order using double-buffering. Bottom-to-top painting order allows a descendent window to have translucency (alpha) and transparency (color-key) effects, but only if the descendent window also has the WS_EX_TRANSPARENT bit set. Double-buffering allows the window and its descendents to be painted without flicker. Windows 95/98/Me: CreateWindowExW is supported by the Microsoft Layer for Unicode (MSLU). To use this, you must add certain files to your application, as outlined in Microsoft Layer for Unicode on Windows 95/98/Me Systems . Function Information Minimum DLL Versionuser32.dll HeaderDeclared in Winuser.h, include Windows.h Import libraryUser32.lib Minimum operating systemsWindows 95, Windows NT 3.1 UnicodeImplemented as ANSI and Unicode versions. See Also Windows Overview , CLIENTCREATESTRUCT , CREATESTRUCT , CreateWindow , DestroyWindow , EnableWindow , RegisterClass , RegisterClassEx , SetActiveWindow , SetForegroundWindow , SetWindowLong , SetWindowPos , ShowWindow , WM_CREATE , WM_NCCALCSIZE , WM_NCCREATE , WM_PAINT , WM_PARENTNOTIFY , Multiple Document Interface Overview ＝＝原始网址＝＝http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632680(VS.85).aspx\n |
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